witnesses. These included Paul’s own testimony of the risen Lord and the Lord’s own revelation to Paul. Orthodoxy in all its culturally varied forms, now as well as then, follows Paul’s strict admonition to the Galatians: But even if we or an angel from heaven should preach a gospel other than [heteran, from which we derive our word heterodoxy] the one we preached to you, let him be anathema! As we had already said, so now I say again: If anybody is preaching to you a gospel other than what you accepted